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How to change adult nappies: What you need to know

Dealing with incontinence can be tricky enough without adding unnecessary worry to the mix. If you or someone you care for uses adult nappies, you'll want to feel confident that you're providing the best possible care. This means understanding how often to change adult nappies, having the right supplies on hand, and knowing the proper techniques for changing them. Let's dive in and explore everything you need to know about changing adult nappies.

How often should adult nappies be changed?

One of the most common questions about adult nappies is, "How often should I change them?" And it's a good question! There's no one-size-fits-all answer, as the frequency of nappy changes depends on a few factors.

Type of nappy

The type of nappy plays a significant role in how often it needs changing. Some nappies are designed for heavier absorbency and can hold a large amount of liquid. These might be suitable for overnight use or for people with heavier incontinence. Others are lighter and designed for more frequent changes, which can be a good option for those with lighter incontinence or who prefer a fresher feeling more often. It's important to choose a nappy that matches your needs and lifestyle.

Level of incontinence

The level of incontinence a person experiences also influences how often the nappy needs to be changed. Someone with light incontinence might be able to wear a nappy for a longer period, perhaps 4-6 hours, while someone with heavier incontinence might need changes every 2-3 hours. It's important to monitor the wetness of the nappy and change it as soon as it becomes uncomfortably full to prevent leaks and skin irritation.

Skin sensitivity

Skin sensitivity is another important factor to consider. If the person wearing the nappy has sensitive skin, more frequent changes might be necessary to prevent irritation and maintain skin health. This is because prolonged contact with urine can cause skin breakdown, particularly in older adults or those with limited mobility. Using a barrier cream can also help protect the skin.

It's generally a good idea to check the nappy every 2-3 hours. However, it's crucial to change the nappy as soon as it becomes wet or soiled, regardless of how long it's been worn. This helps maintain good skin health and prevents discomfort. It's also essential to change the nappy immediately after a bowel movement to minimise the risk of skin irritation and infection. Consider using a nappy with a higher absorbency overnight or plan for at least one nappy change during the night.

Items needed to change adult nappies

Having all the necessary supplies within easy reach can make changing adult nappies much smoother and less stressful. It can be a challenging task for the caregiver, and embarrassing too for the person being cared for. Below we have listed some key items which may be needed to change adult nappies, along with advice to help mitigate issues and make the process easier.

Clean adult nappies

Make sure you have an ample supply of clean nappies readily available. Choosing the correct size and absorbency level is vital for a comfortable and leak-free experience. Consider the individual's needs and the frequency of changes required when selecting the right nappies. You can find more guidance on sizing and level of absorbency below.

Disposable gloves

Protect yourself from germs and bacteria by wearing disposable gloves during nappy changes. This helps maintain hygiene and reduces the risk of infection for both the carer and the individual. There are generally two types of disposable gloves you can buy: vinyl and nitrile.

Vinyl gloves are made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a type of plastic, and nitrile gloves are made from synthetic rubber, a combination of acrylonitrile and butadiene. Nitrile gloves are more elastic and form-fitting, whereas vinyl gloves generally have a looser fit and are less elastic. Ultimately, the gloves you choose depends on personal preference and how much you’d like to spend, as nitrile gloves are often slightly more expensive.

For sizing, refer to the manufacturers sizing guide to determine the size of gloves you will need. When finished with the gloves, dispose of them in a waste bin, or you could also put them into a nappy bag along with the adult nappy being changed.

Wipes

Gentle, alcohol-free wipes are best for cleaning the skin. Avoid wipes containing harsh chemicals or fragrances, as these can irritate sensitive skin. Look for wipes specifically designed for incontinence care, as they are often more gentle and effective at cleaning and removing odours.

You can purchase both wet wipes and dry wipes. But what are the differences? Generally, wet wipes are best for cleaning the skin and removing any soiling as they are pre-moistened with a cleaning solution, where dry wipes are often used after wet wipes to dry the area. Sometimes, dry wipes may be an alternative to wet wipes if wet wipes cause irritation.

Barrier cream

A barrier cream can help protect the skin from irritation caused by moisture. Apply a thin layer of barrier cream to the clean, dry skin after each nappy change. This creates a protective layer that helps prevent skin breakdown and discomfort.

You can purchase a range of barrier creams that offer specific protection and perfume free options, like the perfume-free water repellent TENA ProSkin barrier cream, or the Serenity Care barrier cream with Zinc Oxide.

Disposal bags

Seal used nappies in disposal bags to contain odours and keep things hygienic. This also makes it easier to dispose of the nappies discreetly and responsibly.

You can usually purchase regular or heavy duty nappy bags depending on your needs. When the adult nappy has been added to the nappy bag, you should take care to dispose of it correctly in designated bins. For more information on this, take a read of our blog on how to dispose of adult nappies.

Clean clothes or bedding

Have a fresh change of clothes or bedding ready, in case it's needed. Accidents can happen, and having a clean change of clothes or bedding on hand can make the situation less stressful and more comfortable for the individual.

Hand sanitiser/Soap

Cleanse your hands thoroughly after changing the nappy, even if you've worn gloves. This helps prevent the spread of germs and maintain good hygiene. Here are a few statistics on the importance of handwashing and prevenging the spead of illness.

Handwashing can prevent about 30% of diarrhea-related sicknesses
Handwashing can prevent about 20% of respiratory infections
80% of communicable diseases can be transferred by touch

How to change adult nappies

Changing an adult nappy can seem a bit daunting if you've never done it before, but with a little practice, it becomes much easier. When you follow the correct procedure to make sure you remain clean and use the right products, you can remain confident that you’ll be changing adult nappies safely and effectively. Here’s our timeline of how to change adult nappies.

Prepare your station - Before you begin, gather all your supplies and lay out your changing mat or bed pads if you're using them. Having everything within reach will make the process smoother and more efficient.
Wash your hands - Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water, or use hand sanitiser, before putting on your disposable gloves. This is an important step in preventing the spread of germs and infection.
Position the person - If you’re changing the adult nappy for somebody else then help them lie down or position them comfortably, making sure their privacy and dignity are maintained throughout the process.
Remove the old nappy - Unfasten the tabs on the old nappy and carefully fold them inwards to contain any soiling.
Clean the skin - Gently clean the area with wipes or a skin cleanser, working from front to back to prevent infection. Make sure the area is thoroughly clean and dry before putting on the new nappy.
Apply barrier cream - If needed, apply a thin layer of barrier cream to protect the skin from irritation. This is especially important for individuals with sensitive skin or those who experience incontinence frequently.
Put on the new nappy - Position the new nappy under the person and fasten the tabs securely, making sure the nappy fits snugly but isn't too tight. The nappy should be comfortable and allow for movement without restricting circulation.
Dispose of the old nappy - Seal the used nappy in a disposal bag and dispose of it appropriately. Follow local guidelines for disposing of incontinence products.
Wash your hands - Remove your gloves and wash your hands thoroughly with hand sanitiser. This is the final step in maintaining good hygiene and preventing the spread of germs.

Choosing the right adult nappy

Choosing the right adult nappy is important for making sure you’re comfortable and it’s preventing leaks. When the nappy is not fitted properly, it can cause leakage through the gaps in leg holes that are meant to be fitted snug around the upper thighs.

There are a range of factors that can help determine the right adult nappy for your needs, let’s take a look:

Absorbency level: Choose a nappy with the appropriate absorbency level for the person’s needs. Consider the frequency of changes and the level of incontinence. Nappies with higher absorbency are suitable for overnight use or for individuals with heavier incontinence.
Size: Make sure the nappy is the right size. It should fit snugly but not be too tight, allowing for comfortable movement without restricting circulation. A properly fitting nappy will help prevent leaks and ensure comfort. To make sure you’re selecting the correct size adult nappies, take a measurement of the waist in line with the belly button, and refer to the manufacturers sizing guide. For more information on sizing, see our blog ‘How do I know if my adult nappy is the right size?’.
Style: There are various styles of adult nappies available, including pull-ups and all-in-one nappies. Consider the person's mobility and preferences when choosing a style. Pull-up nappies are a good option for people who are more mobile and independent, while all-in-one nappies offer more support and security.
Features: Some nappies have additional features, such as odour control or wetness indicators. These features can be helpful for managing incontinence and maintaining hygiene. Odour control can help reduce embarrassing odours, while wetness indicators can signal when the nappy needs to be changed.
Cost: Adult nappies can vary in price, so compare options to find the best value for money. Consider the features, absorbency level, and overall quality when comparing prices.

Take a look at our guide on the best adult nappies to see what could work for you.

Get your adult nappies today

Remember, managing incontinence is an ongoing process. Be patient with yourself or the person you're caring for, find what works best, and don't hesitate to seek support when needed.

At Incontinence Choice we have a huge selection of adult nappies from many different brands. So why not browse our range today and find the perfect fit for you?

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