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How to deal with elderly incontinence
Bladder weakness isn’t just something experienced by older people. Despite older people being the main users of incontinence products, bladder weakness can affect people of all ages, sizes, creeds and genders. It’s still a point of embarrassment or shame for a lot of people, but it really needn’t be when it’s a totally natural thing to happen.
In fact, NHS have published statistics stating that an estimated 14 million people, of all ages, are living with bladder problems. 61% of men are experiencing lower urinary tract symptoms and 34% of women are living with urinary incontinence. 900,000 children and young people are experiencing bowel and bladder dysfunction. It’s estimated that around 7 million people in the UK experience urinary incontinence (5-10% of the population).
The numbers speak for themselves, it’s a big deal. So, why is nobody talking about it? Millions of people are affected by bladder weakness and urinary incontinence, with lots of people choosing not to go to the doctors, the true number is probably much higher.
We’re here to help break the stigma around incontinence and get people talking. The more informed you are, the better equipped you’ll be to handle it.
In fact, NHS have published statistics stating that an estimated 14 million people, of all ages, are living with bladder problems. 61% of men are experiencing lower urinary tract symptoms and 34% of women are living with urinary incontinence. 900,000 children and young people are experiencing bowel and bladder dysfunction. It’s estimated that around 7 million people in the UK experience urinary incontinence (5-10% of the population).
The numbers speak for themselves, it’s a big deal. So, why is nobody talking about it? Millions of people are affected by bladder weakness and urinary incontinence, with lots of people choosing not to go to the doctors, the true number is probably much higher.
We’re here to help break the stigma around incontinence and get people talking. The more informed you are, the better equipped you’ll be to handle it.
What causes urinary incontinence in elderly people?
Urinary incontinence, the unintentional loss of urine, is a common issue among the elderly. It can be caused by a variety of factors, and understanding these causes is the first step towards effectively managing the condition.
Age-related changes
As we age, our bodies undergo various changes that can contribute to incontinence. These include:
- Weakened pelvic floor muscles: These muscles support the bladder and urethra. With age, they can weaken, making it harder to control urination.
- Decreased bladder capacity: The bladder may hold less urine as we get older, leading to more frequent urination and an increased risk of accidents.
- Changes in bladder sensation: The ability to sense a full bladder may decline, making it difficult to reach the toilet in time.
Medical conditions
Certain medical conditions common in the elderly can also cause or worsen incontinence:
- Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): UTIs can irritate the bladder, causing a frequent and urgent need to urinate.
- Constipation: Chronic constipation can put pressure on the bladder, leading to incontinence.
- Neurological Conditions: Conditions like stroke, Parkinson's disease, and dementia can affect the nerves that control bladder function.
- Diabetes: Diabetes can damage nerves and blood vessels, affecting bladder control.
- Prostate problems: In men, an enlarged prostate can obstruct the flow of urine, leading to incontinence.
Medications
Some medications, such as diuretics (water pills) and certain antidepressants, can have side effects that contribute to incontinence.
Lifestyle factors
Certain lifestyle factors can also play a role:
- Excess weight: Being overweight or obese puts extra pressure on the bladder.
- Smoking: Smoking can cause chronic coughing, which weakens pelvic floor muscles.
- High caffeine or alcohol intake: These substances can irritate the bladder and increase urine production.
Is incontinence common in the elderly?
Yes, incontinence is quite common in the elderly. While it's not an inevitable part of ageing, the prevalence increases significantly with age. In the NHS’s Excellence in Continence Care Report 2018, they found that “Faecal incontinence is closely associated with age (prevalence is about 15% in adults aged 85 years living at home) and is more common in residential and nursing homes”.
They also state that “Urinary and faecal incontinence are conditions affecting one in three people living in residential care and two in three nursing home residents”.
It's important to remember that incontinence is a medical condition, not a normal part of ageing. If you or a loved one is experiencing incontinence, it's crucial to seek advice from a healthcare professional.
Elderly incontinence tips
Dealing with incontinence can be challenging, but there are many strategies and products available to help manage the condition and maintain quality of life.
Lifestyle changes
- Bladder training: This involves gradually increasing the time between bathroom visits to train the bladder to hold more urine.
- Pelvic floor exercises: These exercises, also known as Kegel exercises, strengthen the muscles that support the bladder.
- Dietary modifications: Limiting caffeine, alcohol, and acidic foods can reduce bladder irritation.
- Weight management: Losing weight, if necessary, can lessen pressure on the bladder.
- Quitting smoking: This can improve bladder control and overall health.
Incontinence products
- Absorbent incontinence pads and underwear: These products provide discreet protection and help keep skin dry.
- Waterproof bedding: Protects mattresses and furniture from accidents.
- Skin care products: Barrier creams and cleansers help prevent skin irritation caused by incontinence.
Tips for home carers
- Create a supportive environment: Be patient and understanding. Avoid making the individual feel embarrassed.
- Establish a routine: Encourage regular bathroom breaks and assist with toileting as needed.
- Maintain dignity: Provide privacy and assistance with changing pads or clothing discreetly.
- Communicate openly: Discuss the individual's needs and preferences regarding incontinence management.
- Seek support: Don't hesitate to reach out to healthcare professionals or support groups for advice and assistance.
Additional tips
- Keep a bladder diary: Tracking fluid intake, urination frequency, and accidents can help identify patterns and triggers.
- Plan ahead: When going out, locate bathrooms in advance and bring extra incontinence supplies.
- Stay hydrated: Don't restrict fluids to avoid accidents, as this can lead to dehydration and other health problems.
- Seek professional help: A doctor can diagnose the cause of incontinence and recommend appropriate treatment options, which may include medications, therapies, or surgery.
Incontinence is a manageable condition. By understanding the causes and implementing appropriate strategies, you can improve your quality of life or those that you are caring for.
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